Botany

Description

P01 Plant Kingdom : Classification of plants, Cryptogamae, Phanerogame.
P02 Typical Plant : Non-flowering plants, Flowering plants.
Typical Plant Cell : Structure.
P03 Plant Cell Organelles : Nucleus, Cell Wall, Cell membrane,
P04 Endoplasmicreticulum, Mitochondria, Golgi bodies, Plastid, Chloroplast. Plant Tissues : Meristematic, Permanent.
P05 Plant Cell Mitosis : Cell division in plant somatic cells.
P06 Plant Cell Meiosis : Reductional cell division in plants.
P07 T.S. Stem – Monocot : Maize stem.
P08 T.S. Dicot Stem (Sunflower) : T.S. stem of Helianthus annuus.
P09 T.S. Root – Monocot : Maize root.
P10 T.S. of Dicot Root : Gram root.
P11 T.S. Leaf – Monocot : Maize, Boutelova ( C grass), Poa annua (C grass). 4 3
P12 T.S. Leaf – Dicot : Mango,Waterlily, Nerium oleander.
P13 Types of Leaves : Simple, Compound, Heterophyll, Phyllotaxy, Venation.
P14 Root Systems :Tap, Fibrous,Adventitious.
P15 Structure of Flower : Parts, Symmetry & floral diagram Actinomorphic,
P16 Zygomorphic,Assymetrical, Position of floral organs.
Calyx and Corolla : Calyx modifications, Shapes of corolla.
P17 Inflorescences : Racemose, Cymose.
P18 Fruits : Parts, Classification – simple,Aggregate, Composite.
P19 The Seed : Structure & Germination : Dicot- exalbuminous &
P20 albuminous, Monocot exalbuminous & albuminous, Condition necessary for germination, Epigeal, Hypogeal.
Germination of Seed – Bean & Pea : Hypogeal germination, Epigeal
P21 germination.
Dispersal of Fruits & Seeds : Dispersal by – air, animals, water, explosion.
P22 Photosynthesis : Calvin benson cycle light reaction, Dark reaction,
P23 Requirements.
Plant Diseases : Black rot, Late blight, Bacterial wilt, Smut, Brown spot, TMV,
P24 Brown rust,Yellow mosaic, Red rot, Bacterial blight, Powdery mildew, Leaf curl.
Reproduction in Plants : Vegetative reproduction, Spore formation, Sexual
P25 reproduction of flowering plants.
Pollination : Autogamy, Geitonogamy, Xenogamy,Anemophily, Hydrophily,
P26 Biotic (zoophily).
Double Fertilization : Megasporogenesis, Microsporogenesis.
P27 Artificial Vegetative Propagation :Tissue culture, Cutting, Layering, Grafting.
P28 Stem Modifications : Underground modification, Subaerial modification,
P29Aerial modification.P30 tem Modifications : Underground modification, Subaerial modification, Aerial modification.
Root Modifications : Modifications of tap root,Adventitous
P31 root and roots for support.
Hydrophytes : External features & anatomical characters.
P32 Mesophytes : General description, external features & anatomical characters.
P33 Xerophytes : External features & anatomical characters.
P34 Inectivorous Plants : Sundew (drosera),Venus fly-trap (dionaea), Pitcher
P35 plat (nepenthes),Bladderwort (urticularia).
Fungi : Classification, Symbiotic relationships, Economic importance,
P36 Hrmful effects,Animal & plant fungal diseases.
Algae : Classification, Uses, Harms.
P37 Viuses : Classification, Plant and animal viral diseases.
P38 Bacteria : Classification, Shape, Respiration, Chemical nature of cell wall,
P39
Growth & reproduction, Useful activities, Diseases.
Life Cycle of Fern : Life cycle of pteridophyte (fern).